World Congress on Environmental Toxicology and Health July 11-12, 2018 Sydney, Australia

Health resources include all the staff that is directly or indirectly involved in any health issue concern. The field of health human resources deals with issues such as planning, development, performance, management, retention, information, and research on human resources for the health care sector.

Occupational safety and health service is the field where it is at a time concerned with safety, health, welfare of people at work place. It is desirable that some sort of occupational health services be established in every country.  The coverage of workers by occupational health services varies widely, ranging from 5-10 per cent at best in the developing world up to 90 per cent in industrialized countries. 

The epidemiological studies on descriptive and analytic approaches help to understand the complex causes of major public health problems and to develop effective technique to prevent them. 

Risk assessment and management generally deals with identification of hazards, analyzing and evaluating the risks associated and minimize those risk. The General Approaches to Environmental Risk assessment and management involves techniques help in creating awareness about the different potential hazards, identifying the people who pose the major risk because of the biohazards; formulate the control measures and prioritizing the hazards and control measures. 

The Economic toxicology deals with the use and threats involved in the use of food additives in food preservation and processing, man-made fertilizers and pesticides in advanced agriculture. Poisoning, accidental or occupational, which is so common in the use of man-made pesticides and the contamination of food stuffs by these toxic chemicals are areas of interest in economic toxicology. 

This describes the toxic agents that damages genetic information and causes gene mutation. This may lead to cancer.  The alteration can have direct or indirect effects on the DNA: the induction of mutations, mistimed event activation, and direct DNA damage etc. The permanent, heritable changes can affect either somatic cells of the organism or germ cells to be passed on to future generations.

Medical Toxicology is a medical subspecialty converging on the diagnosis, management and prevention of poisoning and other adverse health issues due to medications, occupational and environmental toxins, and biological agents. Medical Toxicology is officially known as a medical subspecialty by the American Board of Medical Specialties.

Food Toxicology is involved in serving a safe and edible supply of food to the consumer. During processing, many substances may be mixed to food to make it look, taste, or smell better. Fats, oils, sugars, starches and other substances may be added to change the flavor and taste of food. These additives are studied to determine if and at what quantity, they may produce adverse effects.

Occupational Toxicology is involved with health effects from exposure to chemicals in the workplace. This field grew out of a need to save workers from toxic substances and to make their work environment safe.

Biomedical waste is the Waste generated by health care activities includes a broad range of materials, from used needles and syringes to soiled dressings, body parts, diagnostic samples, blood, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, medical devices and radioactive materials. 

Ecotoxicology is the part of environmental science that melds the fields of ecology and toxicology. Major issues addressed by ecotoxicological studies include chemical element transport (that is, their movement in the environment), fate (for example, biotransformation), and influence (examples include lethality, endocrine disruption and bioaccumulation) within ecological systems. 

A rapidly increasing environmental pollution causing global warming which is a major threat now days. Global warming causing a drastic increase in greenhouse gas such as carbon di oxide, which affecting the whole ecosystem. Rising sea levels, droughts, storms, extinction, increase in temperature turning off the ecological balance.  Global warming, climate change, depletion of ozone layer, and increase in pollution are the main problems from which our environment is suffering.

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry is interdisciplinary topics that integrates the field of toxicology in environment; environmental, analytical, and molecular chemistry of ecosystem. This mainly contains the study of chemicals that contaminate food, water, soil, or the atmosphere and the survival of various plants, animals, and humans who are affected by exposure to toxic substances. 

Environmental agents are the things which are highly used in our society as well as which are hazardous for environment. These agents are having innumerous reproductive and developmental health effects. Patient exposure to toxic environmental contaminants at any point of time may lead to harmful health outcome.

The formation of cancer cells from normal cells is called carcinogenesis. The changes at different levels like cellular, genetic and epigenetic that ultimately proceed a cell to uncontrolled cell division is the process of carcinogenesis. Mutation, epimutation of genetic material of normal cells, cell proliferations causes the carcinogenesis. 

When the genetic information (DNA/RNA) of an organism is changed in a particular stable manner the process is called mutagenesis. Mutagenesis may arise due to natural mutagens or artificial mutagens that induce changes to the DNA.